The patella will be the kneecap and articulates with the distal femur. The tibia would be the much larger, pounds-bearing bone Positioned around the medial aspect on the leg, plus the fibula is the thin bone from the lateral leg. The bones in the foot are divided into three groups. The posterior portion of the foot is shaped by a gaggle of seven bones, Each individual of which is called a tarsal bone, While the mid-foot incorporates five elongated bones, Every single of which happens to be a metatarsal bone. The toes include 14 little bones, Just about every of that is a phalanx bone in the foot.
A. The talus bone articulates superiorly with the tibia and fibula on the ankle joint, with physique excess weight passed from the tibia to the talus. Human body bodyweight through the talus is transmitted to the ground by equally finishes with the medial and lateral longitudinal foot arches. Excess weight is passed posteriorly by means of the two arches for the calcaneus bone, which kinds the heel on the foot and is particularly in contact with the bottom. On the medial aspect of your foot, body excess weight is handed anteriorly through the talus bone for the navicular bone, after which you can on the medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform bones.
The distal conclude on the fibula kinds the lateral malleolus, which kinds the simply palpated bony bump about the lateral aspect on the ankle. The deep (medial) aspect in the lateral malleolus articulates With all the talus bone of your foot as Component of the ankle joint. The distal fibula also articulates While using the fibular notch of the tibia.
The muscles of your leg and thigh are going to be explained underneath a few headings related to their perform in assistance, swing and propulsion.
Look at this video clip to view how a fracture from the mid-femur is surgically fixed. How are the two parts of the damaged femur stabilized all through surgical maintenance of the fractured femur?
The lumbar plexus is formed lateral to your intervertebral foramina through the ventral rami of the very first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1-L4), which all go through psoas significant. The more substantial branches on the plexus exit the muscle to go sharply downward to reach the abdominal wall along with the thigh (under the inguinal ligament); excluding the obturator nerve which pass through the lesser pelvis to reach the medial Element of the thigh from the obturator foramen.
Bones on the leg The foremost bones with the leg are the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and adjacent fibula, and these are generally all prolonged bones. The patella (kneecap) could be the sesamoid bone in front of the knee. The majority of the leg skeleton has bony prominences and margins which might be palpated and a few serve as anatomical landmarks that determine the extent in the leg.
The lower leg and ankle will need read more to keep exercised and going nicely as They're the base of The entire entire body. The lower extremities should be strong so that you can equilibrium the burden of the remainder of the entire body, along with the gastrocnemius muscles just take portion in Considerably in the blood circulation.
Throughout extension with the knee, the quadriceps femoris muscle pulls the patella the two superiorly and laterally, Along with the lateral pull bigger in women due to their big Q-angle. This helps make Females much more liable to establishing patellofemoral syndrome than Guys. Usually, the massive lip around the lateral aspect on the patellar floor with the femur compensates with the lateral pull over the patella, and so allows to take care of its right tracking.
most lateral in the 3 cuneiform tarsal bones; articulates posteriorly Together with the navicular bone, medially Together with the intermediate cuneiform bone, laterally Together with the cuboid bone, and anteriorly Together with the third metatarsal bone
These muscles and their fatty tissue function as cushions that transmit the weight of your body downward. As a whole, the foot can be a purposeful entity.[34]
roughened spot to the posterior facet of your proximal femur, extending inferiorly within the base from the better trochanter
These bones are the medial cuneiform, the intermediate cuneiform, along with the lateral cuneiform. Each of those bones incorporates a broad excellent surface plus a slender inferior surface, which collectively produce the transverse (medial-lateral) curvature on the foot. The navicular and lateral cuneiform bones also articulate Together with the medial facet from the cuboid bone.
The base of the fifth metatarsal has a considerable, lateral expansion that gives for muscle attachments. This expanded foundation in the fifth metatarsal can be click here felt for a bony bump on the midpoint along the lateral border with the foot. The expanded distal stop of each and every metatarsal is The top of your metatarsal bone. Every single metatarsal bone articulates Using the proximal phalanx of the toe to form a metatarsophalangeal joint. The heads on the metatarsal bones also rest on the ground and variety the ball (anterior stop) with the foot.